Study crop wise - Horticulture Crops

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name	Mangifera indica
2	Family of Mango	Anacardiaceae
3	Origin of Mango	Indo-Burma Region
4	Chromosome number	2n = 40
5	Edible part of Mango	Mesocarp
6	Alternate names for Mango	King of Fruits, National Fruit of India, Bathroom Fruit
7	Mango flower type	Cymose
8	Fruit type of Mango	Drupe
9	Mango fruit is rich in	Vitamin – A
10	Root type of Mango plant	Tap root
11	Ideal temperature for Mango cultivation is	24 - 27°C
12	Highest Mango production	Uttar Pradesh
13	Highest area of Mango cultivation	Andhra Pradesh
14	Planting time of Mango	June – July
15	Best suited soil for Mango cultivation	Well drained loamy soil
16	Hormone used to stop the falling of immature mango fruits	NAA & 2,4-D
17	Deblossoming is done to control	Malformation
18	Planting space for Mango cultivation	10 m x 10 m
19	Fruit bearing habit of Mango	Terminal
20	Mango inflorescence contains	Male & Hermaphrodite
21	Commercial method of Mango propagation	Veneer Grafting
22	Pollination of Mango is done by	House fly (Musca domestica)
23	TSS content of Mango fruit	20 %
24	High density plant spacing for Amrapali variety of Mango	2.5 m x 2.5 m
25	Most popular variety of Mango in India	Alphanso
26	Seedless variety of Mango	Sindhu
27	Mango variety suitable for Processing	Kesar
28	Mutant variety of Mango	Rosica
29	Spongy tissue resistant variety of Mango	Ratna
30	Sweetest variety of Mango	Chousa
31	Mango variety fruits having “Apple Shape”	Rumani
32	Late maturing Mango variety	Fazil (Bihar)
33	The Mango variety which is known for mother of all coloured cultivars of Mango	Mulgoa
34	Off season variety of Mango	Niranjan
35	Regular bearing variety of Mango	Neelum, Banglora, Pairy
36	Dwarf variety of Mango	Amrapali
37	Internal fruit necrosis of Mango is due to	Boron deficiency
38	High temperature during flowering season of Mango produces	Bisexual Flower
39	Amrapali & Mallika variety of Mango developed from	IARI, New Delhi
40	Arka Puneet & Arka Anmol varieties of Mango developed from	IIHR, Bengaluru
41	Dasheri x Neelam	Amrapali
42	Neelam x Dasheri	Mallika
43	Neelam x Alphanso	Ratna
44	Ratna x Alphanso	Sindhu
45	Banganpalli x Alphanso	Arka Aruna
46	Alphanso x Banganpalli	Arka Puneet
47	Neelam x Chausa	H-59
48	Neelam x Langra	H-61
49	Alphanso x Janardan Prasad	Arka Anmol
50	Amrapali x Janardan Prasad	Aam Shankar 1084
51	Totapuri x Kesar	Sai Sugandha
52	Early maturing variety of Mango	Bombay green, Bombay Yellow, Gopal Bhog, Kasulkahs, Alphanso
53	Mid season maturing variety of Mango	Langra, Dasheri, Krishna Bhog, Gulab khas
54	Late maturing variety of Mango	Amrapali, Neelam, Chausa, Manpasand, Kanchan
55	Spongy tissue resistant varieties of Mango	Dasheri, Neelam, Ratna, Arka Puneet, Arka Anmol, Arka Aruna
56	Malformation susceptible variety of Mango	Bombay Green Chausa
57	Black tip in Mango is due to	Boron deficiency
58	Internal fruit necrosis of Mango is due to	Boron deficiency
59	Leaf scorching in Mango is due to the deficiency of	Potassium
60	Best irrigation method for Mango cultivation	Ring Basin Method
61	Polyembryony varieties of Mango	Mulgoa, Chandrakaran

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Musa paradisica
2	Family	Musaceae
3	Origin of Banana	South East Asia
4	Chromosome number	2n = 22
5	Banana crop is	Herbaceous, Monocotyledons, Monocarpic
6	Fruit type of Banana	Berry
7	Edible part of Banana	Endocarp
8	Percent sugar content in ripe Banana	27%
9	Aroma of Banana is due to	Esters of acetate and butyrate
10	Most of the cultivated Banana are	Triploid
11	Most suitable climate for Banana cultivation is	Tropical, Hot & Humid climate
12	Banana is commercially propagated by	Sword Suckers / Corms
13	National Research Centre for Banana is located in	Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu
14	Largest producer of Banana in the world	India
15	Leading Banana producing state in India	Tamil Nadu
16	In Tamil Nadu, Banana is mainly grown for	Leaf purpose
17	Banana is staple food of	South Africa
18	Inflorescence of Banana is called	Spadix
19	Seedlessness of Banana is due to	Vegetative Parthenocarpy
20	Rhizome is modified form of	Stem
21	Generally at the end of Banana crop inflorescence which type of flowers are found	Male flowers
22	Two types of Banana suckers are	Sword sucker & Water sucker
23	Important cultural practices followed in Banana are	Suckering, Propping, Mettocking
24	Most serious disease of Banana crop is	Bunchy top of Banana
25	Most serious fungal disease of Banana	Sigatoka Leaf Spot
26	Aphid transfers which disease in Banana crop	Bunchy top & Kokkan disease
27	Flowering time of Banana crop	June - July
28	Fruiting time of Banana crop	Oct – Dec
29	Genetic classification of Banana was given by	Simmond & Shephard
30	Spacing requirement for Rasthali, Nendran, Poovan & Robusta varieties is	2.1 x 2.1 m
31	Leading Banana producing state of India	Tamil Nadu
32	Seedlessness of Banana is due to	Vegetative Parthenocarpy
33	Banana stem present above the ground is called	Pseudostem
34	Banana stem present below the ground is called	Rhizome
35	Banana variety preferred for Multi – Storey system	Poovan & Ney poovan
36	Banana variety susceptible for Panama wilt	Gross Michel
37	Banana variety resistant for Panama wilt	Poovan
38	Best variety of Banana for making chips	Nendran
39	Brinjal & cucurbits should not be grown in Banana orchard, because it attracts	Nematodes
40	Propping is not required for which variety of Banana	Basrai
41	Test used to detect Bunchy top of Banana virus	Tetrazolium test
42	Monophagous pest of Banana crop	Rhizome weevil
43	Removal of undesired suckers is called	Desuckering
44	Removal of male bud after completion of female phase is referred as	Denavelling
45	Method by which support is given to Banana bearing plants with the help of Bamboo etc. is called	Propping
46	Method of covering bunches with polythene bags or gunny cloth to protect fruits from intense heat, hot & wind etc. is called	Wrapping
47	Banana crop matures at	90 - 150 days

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Vitis vinifera
2	Family	Vitaceae
3	Origin of Grapes	Middle East
4	Chromosome number	2n = 38
5	Grape plant is propagated by	Hard wood cuttings
6	National Research Centre for Grape is located at	Pune, Maharashtra
7	Grape plants grow best at the soil pH range	6.5 – 7.0
8	Fruits of Grapes is called	Berries
9	Acid present in the Grape fruit is	Tartaric acid
10	Dehydrated Grapes is called	Raisins
11	Plant spacing for Grape cultivation is	2-3 m x 2-3 m
12	Percent sugar content present in Grapes is	15 – 25%
13	Chemical used for thinning in Grapes	GA3 (5 PPM)
14	Chemical used to hasten bud break at winter pruning is	HCN
15	Chemical used for suppressing vigor of vine & increase in fruit	CCC
16	Chemical used for induction of male sterility in Grapes is	MH
17	Chemical used to reduce the post harvest fruit drop in grapes is	NAA (50 PPM)
18	Grape fruit is covered with waxy layer is	Cutin
19	Chemical compound responsible for aroma of Grape is	Methyl Anthranilate
20	Nutritive index of resin is	8
21	Suitable time for planting unrooted cuttings of Grapes is	October
22	Rooted cuttings are planted during	January - February
23	Size of planting pits for Grape cultivation is	45 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm
24	Chemical fertilizer requirements	0.5 N: 1 P: 0.5 K kg/ha
25	Pink berry formation is common problem in	Thomson seedless & its clones
26	Hen & Chicken disease of Grapes is due to	Boron deficiency
27	Berry / Blossom drop in Grapes is due to	Improper pollination & fertilization
28	Pink berry formation is due to	High temperature
29	Calyx end rot is due to the deficiency of	Calcium
30	Average yield of Seedless variety of Grape	15 t/ha/year
31	Average yield of Muscat variety	30 t/ha/year
32	Average yield of Anab-e-Shahi & Arka hybrids	20 t/ha/year
33	Outstanding cultivar of raisin is	Kishmish-Beli
34	Arka Hans	White Wine
35	Arka Kanchan	Late Maturing Variety
36	Arka Trishna & Soma	Wine Purpose
37	Muscat	Colored Seeded Variety
38	Thomson seedless	Mostly cultivated
39	Black Champa (BC) x TS	Arkavati
40	Bangalore Blue (BB) x Anab-e-shahi	Arka Hans
41	Anab-e-shashi (AS) x TS	Arka Shweta
42	BC x TS	Arka Neelmani
43	AS x BC	Arka Majestic
44	BB x BC	Arka Shyam

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Carica papaya
2	Family	Caricaceae
3	Origin of Papaya	Tropical America
4	Chromosome number	2n = 18
5	Inflorescence of Papaya is known as	Cymose
6	Fruit type of Papaya is	Fleshy Berry
7	Suitable soil pH requirement for Papaya cultivation is	6 – 7
8	Edible part of Papaya is	Mesocarp
9	Yellow color of Papaya is due to	Caricaxanthin
10	Commercially Papaya is propagated by	Seeds
11	Papaya plants is	Polygamous
12	Spacing requirement of Papaya crop	2.5 m x 2.5 m
13	Alkaloid present in Papaya is	Papain
14	Enzyme present in dried latex (Papain) of Papaya	Papasin
15	Protein content present in Papain is	72.2%
16	TSS content of Papaya fruit is	13 - 14° Brix
17	Nematode resistant variety of Papaya	Pusa Majesty
18	Best suited irrigation method for Papaya is	Ring basin method
19	Most serious disease of Papaya seedlings is	Damping off
20	Papaya ring spot is a	Viral disease
21	Papaya ring spot virus is transmitted by	Aphids (Aphis gossypi)
22	Papaya leaf curl virus is transmitted by	White flies
23	In India, maximum area & production of Papaya is done in	Andhra Pradesh
24	Most limiting factor for Papaya cultivation in North India is	Frost
25	Papaya crop is	Thermo sensitive
26	Seeds of Papaya are enclosed by	Gelatinous sacrotesta
27	Best suited crop for Papaya intercrop cultivation	Mango crop
28	Mutant variety of Papaya	Pusa Nanha
29	Pusa Nanha variety was developed using	Gamma irradiation
30	Crude papain yield	600-800 kg/ha
31	Most suitable variety of Papaya for high density planting is	Pusa Nanha
32	Viability of Papaya seeds will lost in	45 days
33	Carica candamercens is	Mountain papaya
34	Dioecious variety of Papaya	Pusa Giants
35	Gynodioecious variety of Papaya	Pusa Delicious, Pusa Majesty, Surya, Taiwan, Sunrise Solo, Coorg Honey Dew
36	Hybrid varieties of Papaya	CO-3, CO-4, CO-7
37	Serious diseases of Papaya	Damping off, Leaf curl, Root rot, Yellow mosaic virus
38	Serious insect pests of Papaya	Red spider, Whitefly, Aphid
39	Uses of Papain:	Tenderization of meat, Manufacture of chewing gum, Cosmetics, Dental paste, Drug preparation

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Apple	Malus domestica
2	Family of Apple	Rosaceae
3	Origin of Apple	Central Asia
4	Chromosome number of Apple	2n=34
5	Apple is commercially propagated through	Grafting
6	Best suited soil pH for Apple cultivation	6.0-7.0
7	Optimum temperature requirement for Apple cultivation	0-7 °C
8	Apple variety resistant to Apple scab	Freedom
9	Apple variety suited for high altitude	Golden Delicious
10	Average yield of Apple per hectare	20-30 tons

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Pineapple	Ananas comosus
2	Family of Pineapple	Bromeliaceae
3	Origin of Pineapple	South America
4	Chromosome number of Pineapple	2n=50
5	Optimum temperature for Pineapple cultivation	20-30 °C
6	Propagation method for Pineapple	Crowns, Suckers, Slips
7	Best suited soil for Pineapple	Sandy loam
8	Average yield of Pineapple per hectare	30-40 tons
9	Pineapple variety with high sugar content	Queen
10	Time required for Pineapple to mature	18-24 months

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name of Mandarin	Citrus reticulata
2	Family of Mandarin	Rutaceae
3	Origin of Mandarin	China
4	Mandarins are highly susceptible to	Water logging
5	Best suited time for pruning of Mandarin	Late winter / Early spring
6	Mandarin, Sweet orange, Acid lime are	Poly embryonic
7	Pummelo, Tahiti lime, Citron is	Mono embryonic
8	Most promising root stock for Mandarin & Sweet orange	Rangpur lime
9	Trifoliate orange is resistant to	Phytophthora & Nematodes
10	Glycoside responsible for bitter taste of citrus fruit juice is	Limolin
11	Spacing requirement for the kinnow variety is	1.8 x 1.8 m
12	Hybrid kinnow is cross between	King sweet x Willow leaf
13	Mandarin varieties are	Coorg, Khasi, Nagpur, Satsuma (Seedless)
14	Botanical name of Sweet orange	Citrus sinensis
15	Family of Sweet orange	Rutaceae
16	Origin of Sweet orange	China
17	Best method of irrigation for Sweet orange	Double ring
18	Variety which is more prone to pre-harvest fruit drop	Mosambi & Blood Red
19	Pre-harvest fruit drop of citrus is controlled by	2,4-D (20 ppm)
20	Seedless variety of Sweet orange	Shamouti
21	Best rootstock for rough lemon	Satgudi
22	Best rootstock for Mosambi	Rangpur lime
23	Pre-harvest fruit drop in citrus is due to	Physiological & Pathological factors
24	De-greening of citrus fruit is done by	CaC2
25	Varieties of Sweet orange	Hamlin, Pineapple, Mosambi, Satgudi, Jaffa
26	Botanical name of Sweet lime	Citrus limetoides
27	Origin of Sweet lime	India
28	Self incompatible is found in	Sweet lime
29	Tahiti lime	Citrus latifolia
30	Tahiti lime is a	Triploid lime
31	Rangpur lime	Citrus limonica
32	Pummelo	Citrus grandis
33	Largest fruit among citrus fruit species	Pummelo
34	Lime which is highly susceptible to Tristeza virus	Kagzi lime
35	Indicator plant for Tristeza virus	Kagzi lime
36	Citrus canker is the most serious disease of	Acid lime
37	Sweet lime is more resistant to	Greening
38	Seedless variety of Acid lime	Chakradhar
39	Canker tolerant variety of Acid lime	Pramalini
40	Acid lime variety tolerant to Tristeza & Canker	Sai Sarbati
41	Acid / Kagzi lime varieties	Chakradhar, Vikram, Jai Devi, Sai Sarbati, Pramalini
42	Sweet lime varieties	Mithotra, Mitha Chikna
43	Lemon varieties	Lisbon, Eureka, Lucknow Seedless, Kagzikalan, Pant Lemon
44	Botanical name of Grapefruit	Citrus paradisi
45	Family of Grapefruit	Rutaceae
46	Origin of Grapefruit	Barbados
47	Grapefruit is cross between	Citrus sinensis x Citrus maxima
48	Grapefruit is also known as	Breakfast fruit, Forbidden fruit
49	Star Ruby is developed from Hudson grapefruit through	Mutation Breeding
50	Grapefruit varieties	Flame, Hudson, Marsh, Foster, Red Blush, Ruby Red
51	Organic acid found in Citrus sp.	Citric acid
52	Pigments present in Citrus sp.	Xanthophylls & Carotene
53	Flavoring compound present in Citrus	Citral (Lemon) & Valencene (Orange)
54	Citrus classification was given by	Tanka & Swingle (1945)
55	Ultra dwarf rootstock of Citrus	Flying Drago
56	Advanced method of propagation for Citrus	Micropropagation & Tissue culture
57	Planting time for Sweet orange	July – September
58	Planting time for Acid lime	Dec – Feb & June – Sept
59	Planting time for Mandarin	Nov – Dec
60	Citrus aurantifolium is propagated by	Seed
61	Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis and Citrus deliciosa is propagated by	T-budding / Shield budding
62	Granulation in Citrus is due to	High temperature & Relative Humidity
63	Granulation in Citrus is managed by	2,4-D
64	Yellow leaves of Citrus is due to	Mo deficiency
65	Citrus dieback is due to	Cu deficiency
66	Exanthema in Citrus is due to	Cu deficiency
67	Little leaf of Citrus is due to	Cu deficiency
68	Average yield of Lemon	3000-5000 fruits/tree
69	Average yield of Lime	1500-2000 fruits/tree
70	Average yield of Orange	500 fruits/tree
71	Average yield of Grapefruit & Pomelo	3000 fruits/tree

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Ziziphus mauritiana
2	Family	Rhamnaceae
3	Origin of Ber	Indian / China
4	Chromosome number	2n = 18
5	Other names for Ber	Poor man’s fruit, Chinese fig, King of Arid fruit
6	Planting space requirement for Ber cultivation	6m x 6m
7	Best suited climatic condition for Ber cultivation	Tropical – Subtropical climate
8	Ber is commonly propagated through	Ring or T budding
9	Ideal time for Ber plant training	March
10	Ideal time for Ber plant pruning	May – June (Hot & Dry period)
11	Best suited Ber variety for humid area	Mehrun
12	Best suited Ber variety for dry area	Umran
13	Ber variety resistant to fruit fly	Dodhia
14	Ber variety resistant to Powdery Mildew	Sanuar 2
15	Ber fruits are normally harvested in South India during	October – November
16	Ber fruits are normally harvested in North India during	February
17	Irrigation for Ber crop is avoided during March – April months because	Delays ripening & cause fruit spoilage
18	Spraying KNO3 or Thio-urea (3%) will induce	Bud sprouting
19	Early Maturing Ber varieties	Gola, Kaithali, Seb
20	Mid Maturing Ber varieties	Banarasi, Meharun, Mundia, Jogia
21	Late Maturing Ber varieties	Umran, Katha, Illaichi, Pathani

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Psidium guajava
2	Family	Myrtaceae
3	Origin of Guava	Mexico (Tropical America)
4	Chromosome number	2n = 22
5	Guava fruit type	Berry
6	Guava plants are	Climatric & Day neutral
7	Best suited climate for Guava cultivation	Hot & Humid climate
8	Guava fruit is considered as	Apple of Tropics, Poor’s Apple
9	TSS content of Guava fruit	10 -12° Brix
10	Spacing requirement for Guava plants	6-7 m x 6-7 m
11	Commercial propagation of Guava is done by	Air layering / Stooling
12	Pit size requirement for Guava planting	75 x 75 x 75 cm
13	Edible part of Guava fruit	Pericarp / Thalamus
14	Guava is best suitable for	Jelly preparation
15	Guava crop is readily tolerant to	Salt
16	Highest Guava production is seen in	Uttar Pradesh
17	Major Guava producing country	India
18	Bronzing in Guava is due to	Zinc deficiency
19	Guava fruit quality is good during	Mrig Bahar season
20	Famous varieties of Guava	Allahabad safed, Lucknow 49 (Sardaar), Lalit, Hafsi, Chittidar
21	Guava variety – Red fleshed	Hafsi
22	Guava variety – Pink fleshed	Lalit
23	Guava variety – White fleshed	Allahabad safed
24	Seedless variety of Guava	Behat coconut
25	Guava variety resistant for Bronzing	Lucknow-49
26	Guava variety resistant to Wilt	Allahabad safed

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Sapota	Manilkara zapota
2	Family of Sapota	Sapotaceae
3	Origin of Sapota	Central America
4	Chromosome number of Sapota	2n=24
5	Optimum temperature for Sapota cultivation	25-35 °C
6	Propagation method for Sapota	Grafting, Seed
7	Best suited soil for Sapota cultivation	Well-drained loamy soil
8	Average yield of Sapota per hectare	15-20 tons
9	Sapota variety with high sugar content	White
10	Time required for Sapota to mature	6-8 months

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Fig	Ficus carica
2	Family of Fig	Moraceae
3	Origin of Fig	Western Asia
4	Chromosome number of Fig	2n=24
5	Optimum temperature for Fig cultivation	15-30 °C
6	Propagation method for Fig	Cuttings, Layering
7	Best suited soil for Fig cultivation	Loamy, well-drained soil
8	Average yield of Fig per hectare	10-15 tons
9	Fig variety suited for drying	Black Mission
10	Time required for Fig to mature	6-8 months

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Punica granatum
2	Family	Punicaceae
3	Origin of Pomegranate	Iran
4	Chromosome number	2n = 16
5	Best suited soil for Pomegranate cultivation	Medium loamy soil
6	Edible part of Pomegranate	Aril / Testa
7	Pomegranate is considered as	Drought tolerant fruit crop
8	Red color of Pomegranate is due to	Anthocyanin
9	Fruit type of Pomegranate	Balusta
10	Inflorescence of Pomegranate is known as	Hypanthium
11	In India, training system followed for Pomegranate is	Multi stem training system
12	Pomegranate juice helps in curing	Leprosy
13	Pomegranate is commercially propagated through	Air layering / Stem cutting
14	Pit size requirement for Pomegranate planting	60 x 60 x 60 cm
15	Spacing requirement for Pomegranate crop	5-6 m x 5-6 m
16	TSS content in Pomegranate fruit	14-16° Brix
17	National Research Centre on Pomegranate is situated at	Solapur, Maharashtra
18	Best suited climate for Pomegranate cultivation is	Sub-tropical climate
19	Wild type of Anar is known as	Daru
20	Fruit cracking incidence of Pomegranate occurs during	Ambe bahar
21	Flowering time of Pomegranate	March – April
22	Pomegranate hybrid, suitable for high density planting and consisting 12.6 TSS released by IIHR is	Amlidana
23	Pomegranate bark is rich in	Tanin
24	Average yield of Pomegranate crop is	60-75 fruits/tree or 20-25 t/ha/year
25	State that contributes more than 75% of total area for Pomegranate cultivation	Maharashtra
26	Most cultivated variety of Pomegranate variety in India, especially in Maharashtra is	Bhagawa
27	Major disease in Pomegranate is	Fruit rot
28	Fruit cracking in Pomegranate is due to	Ca, B & K
29	Pomegranate variety suitable for processing	Arakta
30	Selection from Alandi	Ganesh
31	Medium size fruit bearing Pomegranate variety	Kandhari
32	Large size fruit bearing Pomegranate variety originated from USA	Wonderful
33	Hard seeded variety of Pomegranate	Khandhari, Alandi
34	Soft seeded variety of Pomegranate	Jyothi, Ganesh
35	Amlidana is a cross between	Ganesh x Nanha
36	Ruby is a cross between (3 way crossed)	Ganesh x Kabul x Yercaud

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Artocarpus heterophyllus
2	Family	Moraceae
3	Origin of Jackfruit	India
4	Jackfruit is also called as	Monkey jack
5	Commercial method of Jackfruit propagation is	Seed & Air layering
6	Spacing requirement for Jackfruit crop is	10 m x 10 m
7	Carbohydrate percentage of Jackfruit is	20%
8	Jackfruit is a good source of	Pectin
9	Best suited soil for Jackfruit cultivation	Sandy loam soil
10	Best suitable climate for Jackfruit cultivation	Tropical climate
11	Jackfruit crop cannot tolerate	Cold & Frost
12	Major pest of Jackfruit is	Shoot borer & Mealy bug
13	Average yield of Jackfruit crop is	30 – 40 t/ha
14	Varieties of Jackfruit	Gulabi, Rudrakshi jack, Monkey jack, Champa, Hazari, Muttam varikka
15	Major diseases of Jackfruit is	Fruit rot, Leaf spot, Stem rot

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Jamun	Syzygium cumini
2	Family of Jamun	Myrtaceae
3	Origin of Jamun	India
4	Chromosome number of Jamun	2n=22
5	Optimum temperature for Jamun cultivation	20-35 °C
6	Propagation method for Jamun	Seed, Grafting
7	Best suited soil for Jamun cultivation	Loamy, well-drained soil
8	Average yield of Jamun per hectare	10-15 tons
9	Jamun variety with high fruit yield	Ramachandra
10	Time required for Jamun to mature	4-5 months

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Litchi chinensis
2	Family	Sapindaceae
3	Origin of Litchi	China
4	Litchi is commonly known as	Single seeded nut
5	Litchi flowers are	Petal less
6	Litchi root stock	Litchi philippinensis
7	Best suited soil for Litchi cultivation	Sandy loam
8	Best suited climate for Litchi cultivation	Sub tropical
9	Optimum temperature required for Litchi growth	30 - 40 °C
10	Litchi crop is commercially propagated through	Air layering (Gootee)
11	Litchi fruit is rich source of	Calcium (0.21%)
12	Most suitable time for propagation of Litchi	July - October
13	Pit size requirement for Litchi seedling planting	90 x 90 x 90 cm
14	Planting space requirement for Litchi crop	8 x 8 m
15	Favorable climatic conditions for Litchi production	Moist summer & Cool winter
16	Fruit cracking in Litchi is generally due to	Dry hot wind in summer
17	Litchi mite is	Aceria lichi
18	Average yield of Litchi per plant	80-100 kg/tree
19	Major pests seen in Litchi crop is	Mites & Mealy bug
20	Litchi plant flowers during	October – November
21	Fruiting time of Litchi crop	March – May
22	Litchi variety suitable for canning is	Shahi
23	Most critical period for irrigation in Litchi crop is	January end – onset of Monsoon
24	Litchi variety suitable for table & processing purpose	Early seedless (Early bedana)
25	Early maturing, non cracking seedless variety of Litchi is	Swaran roopa
26	Litchi varieties	Purbi, Gulabi, Shahi, Swaran roopa, Elachi, Bvewster

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name	Emblica officinalis / Phyllanthus emblica
2	Family	Euphorbiaceae
3	Origin of Aonla	Indo-China (Tropical Asia)
4	Best suited climate for Aonla cultivation	Tropical
5	Best suited soil for Aonla cultivation	Light loam
6	Planting space requirement for Aonla crop	8 x 8 m
7	Pit size requirement for Aonla crop	1 x 1 x 1 m
8	Planting time for Aonla crop	July – August
9	Commercial method of propagation of Aonla crop is	T-budding / Patch budding
10	Aonla is commonly known as	Malacca tree / Indian gooseberry
11	Propagation time suitable for Aonla cultivation	May – September
12	Annual rainfall requirement for the growth of Aonla	630 – 800 mm
13	Training & Pruning method followed in Aonla crop is	Modified central leader system
14	Flowering time of Aonla crop	Feb – April
15	Fruiting time of Aonla crop	July – Sept
16	Product prepared from Aonla	Trifla, Chavan-prash, Churna
17	Ideal plants used as filler plants in Aonla orchard	Ber, Guava & Lemon
18	Pruning in Aonla is done during	March – April
19	Fruit necrosis in Aonla is due to	Bo deficiency
20	Irrigation should be avoided during	Flowering
21	Major insect of Aonla crop	Bark eating caterpillar (Inderbella tetronis)
22	Major disease of Aonla crop	Rust (Ravenellia emblicae)
23	Aonla variety suitable for candy	NA-6
24	Early maturing Aonla variety, selection from Banarasi	NA-9 (Neelum)
25	Alternate bearer of Aonla free from necrosis	Chakiya
26	Aonla varieties	Banarasi, Chakiya, Kanchan (NA-4), Amrit (NA-7), NA-9 (Neelum), NA-5 (Krishna)

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical Name of Cashew nut	Anacardium occidentale
2	Family of Cashew nut	Anacardiaceae
3	Origin of Cashew nut	Brazil
4	Inflorescence of Cashew nut is	Poly gamo monoecious
5	Cashew nut crop is very sensitive to	Water logging
6	Largest producer & exporter of Cashew nut in the world is	India
7	Largest importer of Cashew nut is	USA
8	Cashew nut kernels does not contain	Cholesterol
9	Collection of fallen Cashew nuts is called	Glining
10	Optimum moisture content requirement for dried kernel is	2-4 %
11	Dwarf root stock of Cashew is	Anacardium pumilum
12	Fat percentage in Cashew nut kernel is	47 %
13	Protein percentage in Cashew nut kernel is	21 %
14	Carbohydrate percentage in Cashew nut kernel is	22 %
15	Commercial cultivation of Cashew nut is not suitable for the soil having pH	> 8.0
16	Best time for pruning of Cashew trees	August – September
17	Cashew nut is commercially propagated through	Softwood grafting
18	Best quality of Cashew nut kernel is obtained from	Drum roasting
19	Most popular method of Cashew nut kernel roasting is	Steam method
20	Commonly used dryer for Cashew nut kernel is	Broma drier
21	Total number of grades available for export of Cashew kernels	26
22	National Research Centre for Cashew is located at	Puttur, Karnataka
23	Processing methods in Cashew	Sun drying – Boiling – Shelling - Packing
24	Maximum Cashew oil can be recovered from	Oil bath roasting
25	Cashew nut varieties	Dhana, Madakhathara, Damodar, VRT -1, VRT-2, VRT-3, Tithat-1, BPP, Priyanka
26	Export variety of Cashew nut is	Priyanka

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Coconut	Cocos nucifera
2	Family of Coconut	Arecaceae
3	Origin of Coconut	South East Asia
4	Coconut tree is also called as	Tree of heaven, Kalpavriksha
5	Genus name Cocos is derived from Spanish word which means	Monkey face
6	Coconut plant is considered as a	Heliotropic plant
7	Best suited climate for Coconut cultivation is	Tropical climate
8	Optimum temperature requirement for Coconut cultivation is	27 °C
9	Soil type requirement for Coconut cultivation is	Sandy – Heavy clay soil / Alluvial soil
10	Coconut seedlings are generally transferred after	9-12 months old
11	Coconut is commercially propagated through	Nuts
12	Compound present in Coconut oil responsible for anti HIV property	Monolaurin
13	Mesocarp husk is used for making	Coirs
14	Coir percentage in Coconut husk is	70 %
15	Fiber percentage in Coconut husk is	30 %
16	Endocarp of Coconut is used for making	Toys, Buttons etc
17	Inflorescence of Coconut is called as	Spadix
18	Dwarf Coconut tree species are	Self pollinated
19	Tall Coconut tree species are	Cross pollinated
20	Male parent for hybrid Coconut	Choughat orange dwarf & Gangabondan
21	Pit size requirement for the planting of Coconut seedlings is	1 x 1 x 1 m
22	Plant spacing requirement for Coconut cultivation is	10 x 10 m
23	Average Coconut yield is	80-100 nuts/plant/year
24	Fan like appearance of Coconut leaves is due to	Rhinoceros beetle
25	Monophagous pest of Coconut is	Black headed caterpillar
26	Tall varieties of Coconut	West coast tall, Sanramon, Pratap, Laguna, Laccadive ordinary, Andaman ordinary
27	Dwarf varieties of Coconut	Chowghat orange dwarf, Chowghat green dwarf, Gudanjali, Cangabondam, Mangipod
28	Improved varieties of Coconut	Pratap, Chandratara, Chandra kalpa, Kera Chandra, Double century
29	Coconut variety suitable for ball copra & oil extraction is	Laccadive ordinary & Laccadive Micro

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Cauliflower	Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
2	Family of Cauliflower	Cruciferae
3	Origin of Cauliflower	Mediterranean region
4	Chromosome number of Cauliflower	2n = 18
5	Fruit of Cauliflower is called as	Curd
6	Inflorescence of Cauliflower is called	Corymb
7	Cauliflower is a	Thermo-sensitive crop
8	Soil pH requirement for Cauliflower cultivation is	5.5 – 6.5
9	Characteristics flavor of Cole crops is due to the presence of	Di methyl tri sulphate
10	Closer spacing in Cauliflower cultivation results in	Small curds
11	Spacing requirement for Cauliflower cultivation is	45 x 45 cm or 45 x 60 cm
12	Chemical fertilizer requirement for Cauliflower	100 N: 50 P: 50 K kg/ha
13	Borax is applied at the rate of	10-15 kg/ha
14	Removal of central portion of curd for the earlier initiation of flower stalk in Cauliflower is known as	Scooping
15	Method used to protect curd from yellowing after the direct exposure to sun & to arrest enzymatic activity is called	Blanching
16	In late varieties of Cauliflower, seedlings are transplanted at	After 45 days
17	In early varieties of Cauliflower, seedlings are transplanted at	After 25 days
18	Cauliflower variety having self blanching habit	Pusa himjyoti & Pusa snowball
19	Pusa snowball variety is resistant to	Sclerotium rot
20	Black rot & inflorescence blight resistant variety of Cauliflower is	Pusa snowball & Pusa shubhra
21	Early bearing varieties of Cauliflower	Early kunwari, Pusa deepali, Pusa katki, Pusa sharad
22	Late varieties of Cauliflower	Pusa snowball, Pusa himjyoti
23	Synthetic varieties of Cauliflower	Pusa synthetic, Pusa early synthetic, Pant Gobi-3
24	Private sector hybrids of Cauliflower	White flesk, Nath Ujwala, Nath Shweta, Early Himlata, Himani
25	Blindness	Plants having no terminal buds & fail to form curd
26	Browning	Light brown-dark spots on stem & brown color of curd
27	Buttoning	Development of small curds in young plants
28	Chlorosis	Interveinal yellowing of young leaves & proceeds to older leaves
29	Hollow stem	Formation of cavity inside the stem
30	Riceyness	A premature initiation of floral buds
31	Whip tail	Leaf blades do not develop properly

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Cabbage	Brassica oleracea var. capitata
2	Family of Cabbage	Cruciferae
3	Origin of Cabbage	Mediterranean region
4	Chromosome number of Cabbage	2n = 18
5	Fruit of Cabbage is known as	Head
6	Fruit type of Cabbage is	Siliqua
7	Cabbage is a	Cross pollinated, Biennial crop, Leafy vegetable
8	Glucoside responsible for flavor in Cabbage is	Sinigrin
9	Cabbage grown in saline is more prone to	Black leg disease
10	Seed rate of Cabbage per hectare	500-750 g
11	Wild type of Cabbage	B. oleraceae var. sylvestris
12	Savory Cabbage	B. oleraceae var. sabuda
13	Value added product prepared from white Cabbage is	Sauerkraut
14	Sauerkraut helps in curing from	Scurvy disease
15	September variety is introduced by	Germany
16	September variety is most popular in	Nilgiri hills
17	Premature formation of seed stock in Cabbage is called	Bolting
18	Low temperature resistance in Cabbage is increased by spraying	SADH or CCC
19	Duration of early varieties of Cabbage is	60-80 days
20	Duration of late varieties of Cabbage is	100-120 days
21	Cabbage produces seeds only in	Temperate regions
22	Cabbage growth arrests when temperature rises above	25 °C
23	Cabbage seedlings are suitable for planting at	30-45 days
24	Spacing requirement for Cabbage grown in hills	40 x 40 cm
25	Spacing requirement for Cabbage grown in plains	45 x 30 cm
26	Anti-cancer property of Cabbage is due to the presence of	Indole-3-carbinol
27	Seed yield of the Cabbage can be enhanced by spraying	Boric acid (50 ppm)
28	Cabbage variety developed for cultivation under high temperature region is	Pusa Ageti
29	Seed production methods in Cabbage	Head intact, Core intact, Stump method
30	Popular varieties of Cabbage	Golden Acre, Copenhagen market, Pride of India
31	Cabbage varieties suitable for hilly regions	Questo, September, Eclipse, Early wonder
32	Hybrid varieties of Cabbage	Pusa red, Pusa drumhead, Pusa mukta, Pusa ratnar, Pusa sambandh

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Radish	Raphanus sativus
2	Family of Radish	Cruciferae
3	Origin of Radish	Europe
4	Chromosome number of Radish	2n=18
5	Seed rate of Radish	8-10 kg/ha
6	Spacing requirement for Radish cultivation is	15 x 10 cm
7	Pungency in Radish is due to	Iso-Thiocyanate
8	Sowing depth for Radish is	1.25 cm
9	Edible part of Radish is	Root & Leaves
10	Radish variety which can be grown throughout the year is	Pusa Himani
11	Radish variety suitable for growing in hot conditions	Pusa chetki
12	Brown heart in Radish is due to the deficiency of	Boron
13	High temperature during Radish cultivation causes	Bolting
14	Radish variety resistant to white rust, premature bolting and forking is	Arka Nishanth
15	Major insect pest of Radish is	Mustard saw fly & Painted bug
16	Pink color of Radish is due to the presence of	Anthocyanin
17	Average yield of Radish crop is	20-30 t/ha
18	European varieties of Radish are	Scarlet globe, Rapid red, Pusa Himani, Scarlet long
19	Asiatic varieties of Radish are	Pusa Rashmi, Pusa desi, Pusa chetki, Arka Nishant, Punjab safed
20	Pusa Himani is a cross between	Radish black x Japanese white
21	Pusa Safed is a cross between	White-5X x Japanese white
22	Pusa Rashmi is a cross between	Green type x Desi type

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Tomato	Lycopersicon esculentum
2	Family of Tomato	Solanaceae
3	Origin of Tomato	Mexico
4	Chromosome number of Tomato	2n=24
5	Fruit type of Tomato is	Berry
6	Flower type of Tomato is	Hermaphrodite
7	Seed rate requirement for Tomato cultivation	400-500 g/ha
8	Seed rate requirement for hybrid Tomato	100-150 g/ha
9	Tomato is also known as	Poor man’s orange, Wolf apple, Vilayati Baigan
10	Edible portion of Tomato is	Pulp
11	Tomato plant is	Self pollinated, C3 & Day neutral plant
12	Ideal plant height of Tomato for transplanting is	10-15 cm
13	Tomato crop is most susceptible to	Frost
14	Pigment responsible for the red color of Tomato is	Lycopene
15	Yellow color of Tomato is due to	Carotenoid
16	Tangerine color of Tomato is due to	Pro-lycopene
17	Toxic compound present in Tomato is	Tomatine & Saponine
18	Fertilizer requirement for Tomato crop is	100 N: 60 P: 60 K kg/ha
19	Best suited climate for Tomato cultivation is	Tropical climate
20	Fruit cracking in Tomato is due to	Boron deficiency
21	Blossom end rot of Tomato is due to	Calcium deficiency
22	Cat face is a physiological disorder of	Tomato
23	Cluster of flowers in Tomato is known as	Truss
24	Temperature requirement of Tomato crop	Germination – 21-25 °C, Flowering – 14-20 °C, Fruit – 15-20 °C
25	Isolation distance for Tomato seed production	Foundation seed – 50 m, Certified seed – 25 m
26	Causal agent for Late blight of Tomato is	Phytophthora infestans
27	Causal agent for Early blight of Tomato is	Alternaria solani
28	Leaf curl disease of Tomato is transmitted by	White fly
29	Hybrid varieties of Tomato	Hisar Lalima, Pusa sheetal, Pusa Ruby, Hisar Lalit
30	Mutant varieties of Tomato	Maruthan, PKM-1, S-12
31	Determinate varieties of Tomato	Punjab chuara, Pusa Gaurav, Punjab Kesari, Pusa Early Dwarf
32	Indeterminate varieties of Tomato	Pusa Ruby, Pant Bahar, Pant T-1, Pant T-3
33	Tomato variety suitable for kitchen gardening is	Angoorlata
34	Best suited Tomato variety for rainfed conditions is	Arka Meghali
35	Best suited Tomato variety for drought conditions is	Arka Vikas
36	Tomato variety suitable for high temperature regions	Pusa H-1
37	Tomato variety suitable for low temperature regions	Pusa sheetal
38	Tomato variety which is resistant to Nematode & Bacterial wilt	Arka vardan
39	The trap crop used for controlling Tomato fruit borer is	Marigold plants
40	Training, pruning & stalking is followed in	Indeterminate type of Tomato

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Potato	Solanum tuberosum
2	Family of Potato	Solanaceae
3	Origin of Potato	Peru (South America)
4	Chromosome number of Potato	2n = 48
5	Spacing requirement for Potato crop is	60 x 20 cm
6	Potato is known as	King of vegetables
7	Green color of Potato tuber is due to	Solanine
8	Potato is a rich source of	Starch
9	Central Potato Research Institute is located at	Shimla
10	First director of CPRI is	Dr. Ramanujan
11	International Potato Centre is located at	Lima, Peru
12	Indian Potato Association is founded in	1974 (Shimla)
13	True Potato Seed is developed by	Dr. Ramanujan
14	First variety of True Potato Seed	Phulwa
15	Best suited irrigation method for Potato cultivation is	Furrow method
16	Potato is a	C3, Self pollinated, Perennial crop
17	Soil pH requirement for Potato cultivation is	5.0 – 6.5
18	Inflorescence type of Potato is	Racemose type
19	Black heart of Potato is due to	Oxygen deficiency
20	Hollow heart of Potato is due to	Excess use of N fertilizer
21	Most serious disease of Potato is	Late blight
22	Potato leaf curl virus is transmitted by	Aphids
23	Exotic variety of Potato is	Upto date, Kregs defines, President
24	Cyst nematode & late blight resistant variety of Potato is	Thenamalai
25	Irish famine is due to	Late blight of Potato
26	Late blight of Potato is caused by	Phytophthora infestans
27	Early blight of Potato is caused by	Alternaria solani
28	Domestic quarantine of Potato is done to protect from	Wart disease
29	Potato scab is caused by	Streptomyces scabies
30	Potato is commercially propagated through	Tuber (underground stem)
31	Tuber requirement for Potato cultivation is	15-20 q/ha
32	Seed rate of True Potato Seeds is	100-150 g/ha
33	Most critical stage in Potato for irrigation	Stolen formation & Tuber elongation
34	Chemical used to break the Potato dormancy is	Thiourea
35	Fertilizer which is not recommended in Potato cultivation is	Potassium chloride (KCl)
36	Potato plants grows best in	Temperate climate
37	Optimum depth for sowing Potato is	5-10 cm
38	Potato variety resistant to wart is	Kanchan & Jyoti
39	Protein rich Potato variety is developed by	Asis data
40	Frost resistant variety of Potato is	Sheetman

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Brinjal	Solanum melongena
2	Family of Brinjal	Solanaceae
3	Origin of Brinjal	India
4	Chromosome number of Brinjal	2n=24
5	Brinjal is also called as	Egg plant / Aubergine
6	Pigment present in Brinjal is	Anthocyanin
7	Brinjal fruit is rich in	Vitamin B
8	Toxic content present in Brinjal is	Solasodine
9	Brinjal plant is a	Day neutral plant & Often cross pollinated
10	Sowing depth for Brinjal plant	1-1.5 cm
11	Test weight of Brinjal is	3.7 g
12	Brinjal crop is more susceptible to	Severe frost
13	Fruit type of Brinjal is	Berry
14	Edible portion of the Brinjal is	Pulp
15	Little leaf of Brinjal is caused by	Mycoplasma
16	Brinjal varieties bearing “Round fruit”	Pant Rituraj, Arka Navneet, Pusa purple round
17	Brinjal varieties bearing “Long fruit”	Pusa Kranti, Pusa Purple Long, Azad Kranti, Pant Samrat, Neelam, Pusa Purple Cluster
18	Brinjal variety resistant to Aphids is	Annamalai
19	Extra early maturing variety of Brinjal is	Pusa Purple Long
20	Phomopsis blight & Bacterial wilt resistant variety of Brinjal is	Pant Samrat
21	Little leaf resistant variety of Brinjal is	Arka Sheel, Manjarigota
22	Brinjal variety bearing white colored fruit	KKM-1

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Onion	Allium cepa
2	Family of Onion	Alliaceae
3	Origin of Onion	Central Asia
4	Chromosome number of Onion	2n=16
5	Edible part of Onion	Bulb
6	Onion is rich in	Vitamin-B
7	Red color in Onion is due to	Anthocyanin
8	Pungency of Onion is due to	Allyl-propyl disulphide
9	Pink revolution is related to	Onion, Prawn
10	Bolting in Onion is due to	Low temperature
11	Purple blotch of Onion is due to	Alternaria porii
12	Seed rate requirement of Onion for nursery	10-12 kg/ha
13	Onion is highly cross pollinated due to	Protandry
14	The color of outer skin of Onion is due to	Quercetin
15	Phenolic content present in Onion having antifungal property	Catechol
16	Optimum temperature requirement for Onion bulb development	20-25 °C
17	Directorate of Onion & Garlic Research located in	Pune
18	During storage, sprouting / germination of Onion can be stopped by using	MH @2500 ppm
19	Important insect pest in Onion is	Thrips
20	Thrips infestation can be controlled by spraying	Acephate (1ml/l)
21	Hybrid varieties of Onion	Arka Lalima, Arka Pitambar
22	Small size Onion varieties	Arka Bindu, Bangalore Rose
23	Tri-parental derived synthetic variety of Onion	Arka Been
24	Anti-oxidant rich variety of Onion is	Pusa Riddh
25	White color Onion varieties	Bhima Shubra, Bhima Shweta, Arka Yojith, Phule Safed
26	Seed rate requirement of Onion grown under nursery condition	5-7 kg seeds/ha
27	Rabi season varieties of Onion	Pusa Red, Pusa Ratnar, Pusa Madhavi, Nasik Red, Udaipur 101, Arka Bindu
28	Kharif season varieties of Onion	Arka Kalyan, N-53, Agrifound Red

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Chilli	Capsicum annum
2	Family of Chilli	Solanaceae
3	Origin of Chilli	Mexico
4	Chromosome number of Chilli	2n=24
5	Chilli fruit type	Berry
6	Edible portion of Chilli	Whole fruit
7	Chilli flower type	Hermaphrodite
8	Chilli plants are	Day neutral plant & Often cross pollinated
9	Spacing requirement for Chilli crop	45 x 30 cm
10	Chilli is the richest source of	Vitamin C
11	Pungency of Chilli is due to	Capsaicin
12	Red color of Chilli is due to	Capcyanthin
13	Chilli transplantation is commonly done after	45 Days after sowing
14	Seed rate requirement for Chilli	1-1.5 kg/ha
15	Seed rate requirement for Hybrid Chilli	250 g/ha
16	Blossom end rot in Chilli is due to	Excess N fertilizer & Water stress
17	Capsicum (Shimla mirch) is also known as	Sweet pepper
18	Chilli is also known as	Hot pepper
19	Best suited climate for Chilli cultivation is	Hot & Humid climate
20	Chilli readily tolerates	Frost condition
21	Chemical fertilizer requirement for Chilli crop	80 N: 40 P: 40 K
22	Root system of Chilli	Bidirectional
23	Chemical used to control Chilli fruit drop is	NAA (10 ppm)
24	Major producer, Consumer & Exporter of Chilli in the world is	India
25	White flower bearing Chilli species is	Capsicum annum & Capsicum frutescens
26	Purple flower bearing Chilli species is	Capsicum pubescens
27	Mutant variety of Chilli is	MDU-1
28	Fruit rot resistant variety of Chilli is	K-2
29	Leaf curl resistant variety of Chilli is	Pusa Sadabahar, Pant C-1
30	Leaf curl, die back, wilt & TMV resistant variety of Chilli is	Punjab Surakh, Punjab Lal
31	Chilli variety developed by using Genetic Male Sterility is	CH-1
32	Bacterial wilt resistant variety of Chilli is	Utkal Rashmi, Arka Gaurav
33	Inward curling of Chilli leaves is due to	Thrips
34	Chilli mosaic virus is transmitted by	White flies
35	Sweet pepper varieties are	Golden wonder, Arka Mohini, Arka Gaurav, Yolo wonder, California wonder
36	Sweet pepper hybrid varieties are	Green gold, Early bounty, Pusa Deepti, Hira
37	Chilli varieties are	Bhagyalakshmi, Arka Lohit, Sindhur, Kalyanpur yellow
38	Chilli hybrid varieties are	Pusa Jwala, Punjab Lal, Andhra Jyoti, Bhaskar
39	Chilli variety best suited to extract Capsaicin is	G-4 (Bagyalakshmi)
40	Murda complex in Chilli is due to	Thrips, Mites & Viruses

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Okra	Abelmoschus esculentus
2	Family of Okra	Malvaceae
3	Origin of Okra	Africa
4	Somatic chromosome number of Okra	2n=130
5	Edible part of Okra	Whole fruit
6	Largest producer of Okra in the world is	India
7	Okra is also known as	Ladies finger, Bhendi
8	Spacing requirement for Okra plant	45 x 30 cm
9	Best suited temperature for normal growth & development	24 – 28 °C
10	Fruit type of Okra is	Berry
11	Seed rate requirement for Kharif season is	8-10 kg/ha
12	Seed rate requirement for spring-summer season is	20 kg/ha
13	Okra variety suitable for hilly regions of North India	Perkins long green
14	Arka Abhay is a sister line of	Arka Anamika
15	Major pest of Okra is	Fruit borer
16	Yellow mosaic virus of Okra is due to	Virus
17	Yellow mosaic virus of Okra is transmitted by	White fly
18	Average yield of Okra	12-15 t/ha
19	Okra variety resistant to yellow vein mosaic virus and cotton boll worm	Punjab Padmini
20	Okra varieties	Pusa Makhmali, Pusa Sawani, Arka Anamika, Arka Abhay, Punjab Padmini, Panchali, Adhunik, Supriya

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Knolkhol	Brassica oleracea
2	Family of Knolkhol	Brassicaceae
3	Origin of Knolkhol	Europe
4	Chromosome number of Knolkhol	2n=18
5	Optimum temperature for Knolkhol cultivation	15-20 °C
6	Propagation method for Knolkhol	Seeds
7	Best suited soil for Knolkhol cultivation	Loamy, well-drained soil
8	Spacing requirement for Knolkhol cultivation	30x30 cm
9	Average yield of Knolkhol per hectare	20-25 tons
10	Knolkhol variety suited for high yield	White Vienna

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Muskmelon	Cucumis melo
2	Family of Muskmelon	Cucurbitaceae
3	Origin of Muskmelon	Tropical Africa
4	Muskmelon is also known as	Kharbuja
5	TSS content of most of the Muskmelon variety is	11-17 %
6	Muskmelon is harvested at	Full slip stage
7	High temperature during maturing & ripening stage of Muskmelon increases	Sweetness
8	Pickling Melon is	C. melo var conomon
9	Muskmelon variety developed using monoecious sex form as female parent	Pusa Rasraj
10	Private sector hybrid of Muskmelon is	Shweta, Swarna
11	Muskmelon variety resistant to Powdery mildew & Downy mildew is	Punjab Rasila
12	Muskmelon variety having excellent flavor, rich in vitamin C & relatively dwarf habit variety is	Arka Jeet
13	Selection varieties of Muskmelon are	Arka Jeet, Durgapur Madhu, Arka Rajhans, Hara Madhu
14	Hybrid varieties of Muskmelon are	Pusa Sharbati, Punjab Sunheri, Hissar Madhur

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Cucumber	Cucumis sativus
2	Family of Cucumber	Cucurbitaceae
3	Origin of Cucumber	India
4	Chromosome number of Cucumber	2n=14
5	Cucumber is also known as	Kheera
6	Cucumber is a	Monoecious
7	Best suited soil for Cucumber cultivation is	Sandy loam soil
8	Best suited soil pH range for Cucumber cultivation is	6.5-7.5
9	Fruit type of Cucumber is	Pepo
10	Seed rate requirement for Cucumber cultivation is	2.5 kg/ha
11	Cucumber variety developed by selection is	Sheetal
12	Pillow disease of Cucumber is due to deficiency of	Calcium
13	Cucumber variety resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew, anthracnose, angular leaf spot is	Poinsett
14	Average yield of Cucumber is	100-150 q/ha
15	Gynoecious female parent of Cucumber is	Pusa Sanyog
16	Cucumber mosaic virus disease is transmitted by	Aphid
17	White spine color is a maturity indicator for	Slicing cucumber
18	Black color spine is a maturity indicator for	Pickling cucumber
19	Cucumber variety resistant to Bronzing is	Himangi (Poinsetta x Kalyanpur)
20	Cucumber variety resistant to Powdery mildew is	Phule Shubhangi
21	Cucumber varieties	Straight Eight, China Long, Poinsett, Japanese Long Green-2
22	Number of female flower & fruit yield is increased by using	Ethrel (150-200 ppm)
23	In gynoecious type plant, male flower is induced by using	GA3 / Silver Nitrate
24	Cucumber yield can be doubled by using	Tropical gynoecious F1 hybrid
25	Low temperature, high humidity, Short days & low nitrogen content will increase	Female flowers

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Carrot	Daucus carota
2	Family of Carrot	Umbeliferae
3	Origin of Carrot	Afghanistan
4	Chromosome number of Carrot	2n=18
5	Edible portion of Carrot is	Root
6	Inflorescence of Carrot is called	Umbel
7	Forking of Carrot is due to	Hard pan of soil
8	Carrot flowers are	Protandrous
9	Seed rate requirement of Carrot is	5-6 kg/ha
10	Excellent cultivar for canning & storage	Chantenay
11	European type of Carrot is	Orange colored, Rich in carotene, Stump & blunting core
12	Asiatic type of Carrot is	High yielder, Poor in quality & carotene, Rich in Anthocyanin
13	Carrot is considered as annual herb for	Root production
14	Carrot is considered as biennial herb for	Flowering & fruit set
15	Splitting of Carrot occurs due to	Sudden change in soil moisture
16	Average yield of Carrot is	25-30 t/ha
17	Beverage called ‘Kangi’ is prepared from	Black carrot
18	Imperator is a cross between	Nantes x Chantenay
19	Pusa Yamdagni is a cross between	EC-9981 x Nantes
20	Pusa Meghali is a cross between	Pusa Kesar x Nantes

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Beans	Phaseolus vulgaris
2	Family of Beans	Fabaceae
3	Origin of Beans	Central America
4	Chromosome number of Beans	2n=22
5	Optimum temperature for Beans cultivation	20-25 °C
6	Propagation method for Beans	Seeds
7	Best suited soil for Beans cultivation	Loamy, well-drained soil
8	Spacing requirement for Beans cultivation	30x10 cm
9	Average yield of Beans per hectare	15-20 tons
10	Beans variety suited for dry conditions	Rajmash

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Pumpkin	Cucurbita pepo
2	Family of Pumpkin	Cucurbitaceae
3	Origin of Pumpkin	North America
4	Chromosome number of Pumpkin	2n=40
5	Optimum temperature for Pumpkin cultivation	20-30 °C
6	Propagation method for Pumpkin	Seeds
7	Best suited soil for Pumpkin cultivation	Loamy, well-drained soil
8	Spacing requirement for Pumpkin cultivation	1-1.5 m
9	Average yield of Pumpkin per hectare	20-25 tons
10	Pumpkin variety suited for storage	Winter Luxury

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Capsicum	Capsicum annuum
2	Family of Capsicum	Solanaceae
3	Origin of Capsicum	Central America
4	Chromosome number of Capsicum	2n=24
5	Optimum temperature for Capsicum cultivation	20-30 °C
6	Propagation method for Capsicum	Seeds
7	Best suited soil for Capsicum cultivation	Loamy, well-drained soil
8	Spacing requirement for Capsicum cultivation	45x45 cm
9	Average yield of Capsicum per hectare	20-25 tons
10	Capsicum variety with high capsaicin content	Bhut Jolokia

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Garlic	Allium sativum
2	Family of Garlic	Alliaceae
3	Origin of Garlic	Central Asia
4	Chromosome number of Garlic	2n=16
5	Pungency of Garlic is due to	Diallyl disulphide
6	Edible part of Garlic is	Clove
7	Seed rate requirement of Garlic (Cloves)	500 kg/ha
8	Antibacterial substance present in Garlic is	Allicin
9	Water soluble amino acid present in Garlic is	Allin
10	Day length requirement for bulbing is	12 hrs

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Gladiolus	Gladiolus grandiflora
2	Family of Gladiolus	Iridaceae
3	Origin of Tetraploid Gladiolus	Africa & Asia minor
4	Origin of Diploid Gladiolus	Europe
5	Chromosome number of Tetraploid Gladiolus	2n=30
6	Chromosome number of Diploid Gladiolus	2n=60
7	Optimum soil pH requirement for Gladiolus cultivation is	6-7
8	Gladiolus is also known as	Queen of Bulb
9	Best suited climate for Gladiolus cultivation is	Subtropical & Temperate
10	Gladiolus is commercially propagated through	Corms
11	Optimum corms size for Gladiolus propagation	4-5 cm diameter
12	Optimum corms weight for Gladiolus propagation	20-30 gm
13	Spacing requirement for Gladiolus cultivation is	20x20 cm / 20x30 cm
14	Seed rate (Corms) of Gladiolus	1,60,000 corms/ha or 3200 kg corms/ha
15	Important operation in Gladiolus cultivation is	Hilling
16	Gladiolus is a	Short day plant
17	Chemical fertilizers requirement for Gladiolus crop is	120 N: 150 K: 150 P
18	Generally corms are planted at a depth of	5 cm
19	Increased application of super phosphate to Gladiolus cause	Leaf scorching
20	Leaf scorching of Gladiolus is also called as	Fluoride injury
21	Gladiolus is also called as	Sword lily
22	Chemical used to break the dormancy of corms is	Ethylene chlorohydrine & GA
23	Average yield of Gladiolus is	2-3 lakh spikes/ha & 10-12 tons corms/ha
24	Fragrant variety of Gladiolus is	Sagar
25	Geotropism disorder of Gladiolus is due to	Transporting
26	Gladiolus variety developed by IARI	Pusa Sweta, Pusa Unnati, Pusa Srijana, Pusa Kiran, Pusa Shubham, Pusa Svarnima
27	Gladiolus variety developed by IIHR	Sindhu, Nazrana, Arka Gold, Arka Naveen, Apsara, Arka Amer
28	Gladiolus variety developed by NBRI	Archana, Manisha, Kohra, Arun, Kalima, Mohini, Manohar
29	Big flowered varieties of Gladiolus are	Snow Prince, Patricia, Oskar, Happy End, Yellow Stone, Suchitra
30	Small flowered varieties of Gladiolus are	Royal Jubilee, Red Canna, Canberra

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Rose	Rosa sinensis
2	Family of Rose	Rosaceae
3	Origin of Rose	Central Asia
4	Chromosome number of Rose	2n=14
5	Rose fruit type is	Hips
6	Rose seed is called as	Achenes
7	Rose crop is called as	Queen of Flowers
8	Rose is considered as a National Flower of	England & Iran
9	Red color of Rose is due to	Anthocyanin pigment
10	Most commonly used root stock of Rose is	Rosa multiflora & Rosa indica
11	Shelf life of Rose flower is increased by	Pulsing treatment
12	Scientist who pioneered in Rose Breeding is	Dr. B P Pal
13	Best suited rooting media for Rose cultivation is	Sand
14	Best suitable soil pH for Rose cultivation is	6.0-7.5
15	Best time for Rose planting is	September – October
16	Rose is commercially propagated through	T-budding
17	Most suited growth regulators for improving roots in Rose crop is	IBA / NAA
18	Spacing requirement for Rose cultivation is	60 x 60 cm
19	Spacing requirement of Rose for cut flower production is	60 x 30 cm
20	Inorganic fertilizer requirement for Rose cultivation	100 N: 100 P: 70 K
21	Gulkand is prepared by mixing Rose petal & sugar in the ratio of	1:1
22	Father of Rose Breeding	B S Bhattacharjee
23	Spacing requirement for Floribunda Rose type	60 x 90 cm
24	Spacing requirement for Hybrid Tea type Rose	75 x 90 cm
25	Hybrid Tea Rose variety	Pusa Mohit, Thornless, Suchitra, Gladiator, Keneddy, Superstar
26	Miniature Rose variety	Red Flush, Pixie, Baby Coldstar, Cri-Cri
27	Floribunda Rose variety	Banjara, Red Gold, Iceberg, Sea Pearl, Queen Elizabeth
28	Polyantha Rose variety	Flamboyant, Echo, Snow Princess
29	Rambler Rose variety	Dorothy, American Pillar, Excelsa
30	Climbers Rose variety	Golden Shower, Royal Gold, Delhi White Pears
31	Shrub type Rose variety	Cocktail, Butterfly Wings, Fountain
32	Pinching	Removal of terminal growing portion of Rose plant to reduce the plant height and increase the lateral branching
33	Deshooting	Mainly done in hybrid rose variety to increase the yield up to 50-75%
34	Defoliation	Removal of leaves during pinching using chemicals to improve the flower production
35	Disbudding	Removal of undesired buds keeping only central bud intact
36	Bending	It is practiced in 3 months old plants to induce new sprouts
37	Wintering (Root pruning)	Practice is followed to induce early flowering

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Carnation	Dianthus caryophyllus
2	Family of Carnation	Caryophyllaceae
3	Origin of Carnation	France (Europe)
4	Chromosome number of Carnation	2n=30
5	Carnation is also called as	Clove pink, Divine flower, Grenadine
6	White Carnation flowers signifies	Deep sorrow, Symbol of death/sadness, Respect
7	For cut flowers, Carnation is multiplied through	Cuttings
8	Inorganic fertilizer requirement for Carnation flower cultivation is	400 N: 200 K: 100 P kg/ha
9	Dianthus chinensis & Dianthus barbatus are multiplied by	Seeds
10	Seed rate requirement of Carnation	400-500 g/ha
11	Removal of unwanted weak shoots in Carnation is called as	Deshooting
12	Providing proper support to Carnation plants to avoid bending is called as	Staking
13	Breaking out tip of budding & encouraging growth of side shoots is called as	Pinching
14	Carnation plant is a	Long day plant
15	Carnation plant grows well in	Cool seasons
16	Optimum temperature requirement for Carnation plant cultivation is	10-20 °C
17	Pinching in Carnation is usually done at	6-7 pair leaf stage
18	Single pinching is done at	Below 6th node
19	Single pinching helps in	Early cropping
20	Double pinching helps in	Delay in flowering
21	Average flower yield per plant	70-100 flowers
22	Average flower yield per square meter	400-500 flowers/sq.m
23	Most popular varieties of Border carnation	Madonna, King Cup
24	Most popular varieties of Perpetual flowering carnation	William Sim, Arthur Sim, All Woods Crimson, Canadian Pink
25	Most popular varieties of Marguerite / Chabud carnation	Nero, Aurora, Marie, Marguerite White

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Tuberose	Poliantha tuberosa
2	Family of Tuberose	Amaryllidaceae
3	Origin of Tuberose	Mexico
4	Chromosome number of Tuberose	2n=30
5	Tuberose is also called as	Rajanigandha, Sword Lilly, Nishigandha
6	Best suited climatic condition for Tuberose cultivation is	Tropical climate
7	Optimum soil pH requirement for Tuberose cultivation is	6.5 – 7.5
8	Tuberose is commercially propagated through	Bulbs
9	Planting time of Tuberose crop	March – April
10	Plant spacing requirement for Tuberose cultivation is	30 x 20 cm / 20 x 15 cm
11	Seed rate requirement for Tuberose cultivation is	5000-6000 kg bulb/ha
12	Inorganic fertilizer requirement for Tuberose cultivation is	200 N: 300 P: 200 K kg/ha
13	For commercial propagation of Tuberose, the diameter of bulb should be	1.5 – 2.5 cm
14	Single flowered (5 petals/flower) variety of Tuberose	Coimbatore Single, Arka Nirantara, Bangalore Single, Calcutta Single
15	Double flowered (>15 petals/flower) variety of Tuberose	Suhasini, Vaibhav, Pearl
16	Variegated single flowered Tuberose variety	Suverna Rekha, Rajat Rekha
17	Variegated double flowered Tuberose variety	Dhawal (Golden margin)
18	Number of petals in semi-double variety Tuberose flower	10-15
19	Corolla segments in semi-double variety of Tuberose is	2-3 rows
20	Average yield of flowers/ha/year in single variety	6000-8000 kg/ha/yr
21	Average yield of flowers/ha/year in double variety	12-14 tons/ha/yr
22	Quantities of bulbs can be obtained after removal of Tuberose crop	12000-15000 kg bulbs/ha

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of African Marigold	Tagetes erecta
2	Botanical name of French Marigold	Tagetes patula
3	Family of Marigold	Compositae / Asteraceae
4	Origin of Marigold	Mexico
5	Chromosome number of African Marigold	2n=24
6	Chromosome number of French Marigold	2n=48
7	Optimum soil pH requirement for Marigold cultivation is	7.0-7.5
8	Flowering nature of French Marigold is	Profuse type
9	Marigold is a	Cross Pollinated crop
10	African Marigold is also known as	Rose of India
11	Best suited soil for Marigold cultivation is	Loamy soil
12	Percent oil content present in the matured Marigold flower is	1.25%
13	Marigold is commercially propagated through	Seeds
14	Seed rate requirement for Marigold cultivation is	1-1.5 kg/ha
15	Inorganic fertilizer requirement for Marigold cultivation is	100 N: 50 P: 50 K kg/ha
16	Optimum spacing requirement for Marigold cultivation is	60 x 60 cm / 45 x 45 cm
17	Nipping / Tipping in Marigold is followed at	30 Days After Planting
18	Removal of terminal portion in Marigold to enhance multiple branching is called as	Nipping / Tipping
19	The person who extensively worked on Marigold crop is	S.P.S. Raghava
20	Type of sterility most commonly seen in Marigold crop is	Genetic Male Sterility
21	Open pollinated variety of Marigold is	Pusa Basanti
22	Time required for the Marigold seedlings to transplanting is	30 days / 1 Month
23	Type of self incompatibility seen in Marigold plant is	Protandry
24	Average yield of African Marigold flower is	11-18 t/ha
25	Average yield of French Marigold flower is	8-12 t/ha
26	African Marigold varieties	Yellow Supreme, Happiness, Hawal, Primrose, New Alaska
27	French Marigold varieties	Harmony, Red Bokardo, Star of India, Rusty Red, Lemmon Drops
28	Triploid variety of Marigold is	Nugget

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Jasmine	Jasminum officinale
2	Family of Jasmine	Oleaceae
3	Jasminum grandiflorum & Jasminum sambac are sensitive to	Frost
4	Due to the presence of yellow pigment in Jasmine flower, it is considered as a substitute for the	Saffron
5	Optimum temperature requirement for the cultivation of Jasmine	7-13 °C
6	Fruit type of Jasmine	Berry
7	Jasmine is propagated through	Cuttings
8	Inorganic fertilizer requirement for Jasmine cultivation is	100 N: 50 P: 25 K kg/ha
9	Jasmine which grows well in Subtropical Himalayan Region is	J. grandiflorum
10	Jasminum sambac is considered as native of	East Indies
11	Jasminum auriculatum	Mullai
12	Jasminum grandiflorum	Jathimalli / Pitchi / Spanish Jasmine
13	Jasminum sambac	Gundumalli / Arabian Jasmine / Tuscan Jasmine
14	Jasminum pubescens	Kakada
15	Concrete recovery percentage of Jasminum auriculatum	0.28-0.36%
16	Concrete recovery percentage of Jasminum grandiflorum	0.25-0.32%
17	Concrete recovery percentage of Jasminum sambac	0.14-0.19%

S.No	Question	Answer
1	Botanical name of Orchid	Bletia purpurea
2	Family of Orchid	Orchidaceae
3	Origin of Orchid	India
4	Most of the Orchids are	Day neutral plants
5	Type of inflorescence in Orchids	Simple Raceme / Spike
6	Orchids fruit type is	Capsule
7	Most commonly Orchid pollination is carried out by	Insects
8	Orchid flowers having 2 sepals & 3 petals is called	Tepals
9	Reproductive part in Orchid is	Gynostemium
10	Orchids are propagated through	Seeds, Cuttings, Air layering
11	National Research Centre on Orchids is located at	Pakyong, Sikkim
12	Optimum temperature requirement for Orchid cultivation is	18-28 °C
13	Orchids growing on Shrubs is called as	Epiphytes
14	Orchids growing on Rocks is called as	Lithophytes
15	Orchids growing as ground dwellers is called as	Terrestrial
16	Orchids growing on decaying organic matter is called as	Saprophytes
17	Epiphytic variety of Orchid	Dendrobium, Vanda, Bulbophyllum
18	Lithophytic variety of Orchid	Cymbidium
19	Rhizomatous Orchid is	Habenaria, Eulophia
20	Number of seeds present in each capsule of Orchid	50,000-60,000